Both Adam Smith and John Locke were liberals. That means they both believed in the importance of the freedom of individuals and that this should be achieved by the lowest possible interference of the State on private affairs.
Liberalism is the idea that a healthy society is that in which freedom is the most important value. In the economy that means the State doesn't intervene in the market, and in politics that means the State must not intervene in the lives of the individuals.
The famous person who was defeated seven times in his political career was Abraham Lincoln. He was defeated for the legislature in 1832 then defeated in run for the Illinois House Speaker in 1838. In 1843 he lost in nomination for Congress and again lost in his re-nomination to Congress in 1848. He was defeated for Senate when legislature in Illinois elects Lyman Trumbull in 1855. In 1856 he was lost in nomination for Vice-President and in 1858 he wins Senate’s popular vote but loses election to Stephen Douglas.
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