Answer:
After two centuries (off and on) as a province of the Persian empire, Egypt was conquered by Alexander the Great. After his death in 323 BCE, Egypt passed into the hands of his general, Ptolemy, and his descendants. Under them, Egypt has become the wealthiest and most highly organized of the “Hellenistic” kingdoms.
After the War of 1812 the policy that was advocated by James Madison for making American manufactured products cheaper and more competitive in both domestic and foreign markets was a protective tariff. The correct option among all the options that are given in the question is the second option. I hope it helps you.
