The first session of the 14th Amendment to the Constitution reads as follows:
<em>"All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the state in which they reside. the United States, nor shall any state deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law, nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws ".
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The language of the Constitution is very clear. Every citizen born or naturalized in the United States has the right to jurisdiction. That is, in the national territory, these people have the right to legal immunity, must enjoy freedom, property and due process of law.
In this way, states can not deny any of these groups nor withdraw their rights if there is no crime and the resulting conviction.
The african americans became fearful of going to polls to vote, because they would rather have their life then to vote. This affected the african americans participation, because that meant that there were less people voting for the Republicans (mostly people from the Union or North).
hope this helps
