Answer:
Description - answer
1. Catholic church
2. King Ferdinand and Queen Isabela of Spain
3. Jesuits
4. King Henry VIII of England
5. Martin Luther
6. Protestant
7. Counter-reformation
8. Queen Elizabeth of England
Explanation:
1. The Catholic Church is the largest christian church. The Catholic church is headed by the Pope, in Vatican City. They teach that Jesus founded the Catholic church and there can only be One, Holy, Apostolic Church.
2.King Ferdinand II and Queen Isabella of Spain established the Spanish Inquisition. It was established primarily to strengthen religious unity. However, money was also a motive. When someone was guilty of heresy, they took the opportunity to seize the property of the guilty.
3. Also known as the Society of Jesus, the Jesuits was founded by Ignatius Loyola. In the counter-reformation, it was the Jesuits who emphasized the need for better education for priests. If they were more educated, they would be able to serve better.
4. Formerly known as the defender of the Catholic Church, King Henry VIII made history when he wanted a divorce from his Queen at the time, Catherine from Aragon. Because his divorce was not granted, he separated from the Catholic Church.
5. Martin Luther was famous for his nailing of the Ninety-Five theses on the door of a cathedral in Germany, which sparked the Protestant Reformation. He is well known for his opposing views on indulgences, which is a way one can reduce their punishment for sins they are guilty of.
6. The Protestant reformation came about when the ideas of Martin Luther spread throughout. Protestants believe that in order to get to Heaven, all they need is Faith and good deeds and works do not play a hand in God's judgement.
7. It came about primarily as a response to the Protestant reformation. In addition, it aimed to also reform the Catholic Church internally because of the criticisms they were receiving about the luxurious lives of the clergy and how they appoint relatives in seats in the church office. They also sought to educate more priests.
8.Queen Elizabeth of England was the daughter of King Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn. Her mother was beheaded when she was found guilty of wrongdoing, sorcery and incest. Queen Elizabeth succeeded the throne after her half-sister Mary.
