Answer:
Crust, mantle and core.
Water availability.
Volcanic eruptions.
Explanation:
The main similarities about Early earth and Modern earth is their layers of soil such as crust, mantle and core means that the both Early earth and Modern earth are made up of these three layers. At that time water is present in huge amount while on the other hand, in Modern earth water is also present in large amount as compared to land. Volcanic eruptions occurs in both early and Modern earth.
In this experiment, researchers compared how fast the junco populations adapted.
<h3>What is the focus of the study?</h3>
This study focuses on the adaption process of Juncos (a specific bird population) in urban environments and how they behave in terms of stress and boldness behavior (interest in exploring unknown areas).
<h3>How did the study work?</h3>
In this study, scientists compared the behavior of a population of birds in an urban area with the behavior of another population of birds that lived in a novel urban area to determine the adaptation process of the second population.
Note: This question is incomplete because the information about the study is missing; here is the name of the possible study: Boldness behavior and stress physiology in a novel urban environment suggest rapid correlated evolutionary adaptation
Learn more about studies in: brainly.com/question/21212415
The law of conservation of mass states that atoms cannot be created not destroyed, so they could not have destroyed it. This means that the experiment had to be open (which means there is no barrier that keeps all the solution in, like a plug or a bag). When the liquid in the equation turned into gas, the gas floated away from the solution, making the ending mass smaller than the beginning.
Answer:
b. Because they have a low affinity for the H+
Explanation:
All electrons that enter the transport chain come from NADH and FADH2 molecules that are produced in earlier phases of cellular respiration: glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation and the citric acid cycle.
NADH is very good at donating electrons in redox reactions (that is, its electrons are at a high energy level), so you can transfer your electrons directly to complex I and transform it back into NAD +. The movement of electrons through complex I in a series of redox reactions releases energy, which the complex uses to pump protons from the matrix into the intermembrane space.
FADH2 is not as good for donating electrons as NADH (that is, its electrons are at a lower energy level), so it cannot transfer its electrons to complex I. Instead, it introduces electrons to the transport chain through complex II, which does not pump protons through the membrane.
