The Knights of labor was the largest and one of the most important American labor organizations of the 1880s. It was founded on the 28th day of December in year 1869 by Uriah Stephens. They promoted the producers ethic of republicanism and demanded the eight-hour day, rejected socialism and anarchism and encouraged the social and cultural uplift of the workingman. In 1880, the organization reached 28,000 members and even gained more members to 100,000 in 1884. But in 1893, the knights of labor declines its membership because of public pressure, power vested in reformist factions, and employers' unwillingness to arbitrate.
Christianity and Islam are the two largest religions in the world and share a historical and traditional connection, with some major theological differences. The two faiths share a common place of origin in the Middle East, and consider themselves to be monotheistic.
The effect of the spread of Islam was an increase in trade. Unlike early Christianity, Muslims were not reluctant to engage in trade and profit; Muhammad himself was a merchant. As new areas were drawn into the orbit of Islamic civilisation, the new religion provided merchants with a safe context for trade. The application of sharia—Islamic law derived from the Koran—ensured a certain measure of uniformity in the application of criminal justice. Sharia law protected commerce and imposed stiff punishments for theft and dishonesty. Muslim jurists called qadis were established to resolve disputes through the application of sharia. Merchants were thus provided with a forum for making complaints and having them resolved in a consistent and systematic way. Trade and travel were not as risky or perilous as before and both thrived with the coming of Islam.
The military plans laid before World War I presupposed a major war between the countries which were tied together with alliances. Because the Triple Entente had Britain, France and Russia as allies, Germany thought if a war began it would need to fight on two fronts -- west and east. So German Field Marshall Alfred von Schlieffen drew up war plans that said attack France first, quickly, and then hold that territory while deploying forces to contend with Russia in the east. So when Germany declared war on Russia in 1914, the first thing it did was to go and attack France. Thus the war spread and became instantly a more global conflict.
National leaders in politics and the military need to learn caution when dealing with alliances and when committing themselves to military action. Restrained, limited military actions are preferable to the all-out plunging into war that was seen in the outbreak of World War I. Diplomacy should be given its best chance to work before resorting to military options -- even if military options have been pre-planned.
