King Henry VIII left the Catholic Church and created the Church of England because of his desire to marry Anne Boleyn. The correct option in regards to the given question is option "d". King Henry VIII wanted to get a divorce from his wife Katherine from Aragon as she could not give the king any heirs. This annulling of marriage was not sanctioned by the Pope of Rome. The Pope controlled the Catholic Church. This resulted in the king creating a new English (Catholic) church by breaking away from the control of the Pope. This was the option King Henry VIII took to get the divorce.
A similarity between the separation of powers, the system of checks and balances, and federalism is that they all are meant to keep the federal government from becoming too powerful and tyrannical.