Answer:
C. Individuals and corporations borrow at the same rate.
Revised Question:
A key underlying assumption of MM Proposition I without taxes is that:
A. financial leverage increases risk.
B. individuals can borrow at lower rates than corporations.
C. individuals and corporations borrow at the same rate.
D. managers always act to maximize the value of the firm.
E. corporations are all-equity financed.
Explanation:
Modigilani-Miller gave theories about the optimal capital structure of the firms. They proposed thier theories under <em>taxes and and without taxes</em> economies. They gave two propositions under each economy.
MM proposition I without taxes states that value of of firm with equity finance and value of a firm with debt finance are equal. So the capital structure of a firm is irrelevant in decision making.
The underlying assumption of the proposition is:
Presence of asymmetric information due to which, investor's and firm's cost of borrowing money is same.
Answer:
a)$103.309 million initially b)$83.309 million c)240070 bonds more
Here is the complete question:
A firm with an A rating plans to issue one million units of a 10 year-4% bond with face value $100. After the financial crisis this firm is downgraded to a B rating. The yield curve increases 0.2% per year. The yield for year 1 is y1=1%, for year 2 is y2=1.2%, y3=1.4% and so on and y10=2.8%. The default spreads are given in the table below.
(a) What is the initial amount (before downgrading) the firm wants to raise?
(b) How much can this now B rated firm raise?
(c) If the firm wants to raise the planned amount, how many more bonds does it issue?
Rating Default spread
AAA 0.20%
AA 0.40%
A+ 0.60%
A 0.80%
A- 1.00%
BBB 1.50%
BB+ 2.00%
BB 2.50%
B+ 3.00%
B 3.50%
B- 4.50%
CCC 8.00%
CC 10.00%
C 12.00%
D 20.00%
Explanation: The explanation is found in the attachment
Answer:
(A) it will affect the GDP Deflator.
(B) it will affect both the GDP deflator and the CPI
Explanation:
(A) The increase in prices of imports increase real GDP and also the GDP deflator as now the US will purchase less of these cars from china and therefore there will be less imports of this car from china, people will prefer buying local inexpensive cars which will in turn increase the GDP even more than before so therefore this scenario only affects the GDP deflator only as the formula for real GDP is the sum of consumption spending, government spending,government saving( investment) and (exports minus imports) so the less imports we get the more real GDP we get in the US economy.
(B) This will affect both GDP deflator and CPI because firstly this will touch on the exports which will increase and bring in more revenue for the US therefore increasing real GDP because the prices of the fishing product has decreased which will cause the US economy to increase. it will also affect the CPI because now prices of this product have fell therefore the CPI is also going to fall probably causing a deflation.
Answer: B. CONFLICT PERSPECTIVE
Explanation:
CONFLICT PERSPECTIVE
This theory which was opined by Karl Marx suggests that society keeps competing for limited resources and as such is in continuous conflict.
According to this theory, individuals and groups within society work to maximize their benefits and hold onto wealth by any means necessary including the disregard of the health and safety of athletes in this scenario.
Five members of the board must hold valid cosmetology licenses and shall have been working as cosmetologists for at least five years in this state. This statement is TRUE.
- A seven-member Board of Cosmetology is established inside the department. Its members will be selected by the governor and confirmed by the Senate, and its job will be to carry out the terms of this act.
- The rest of the unexpired terms on the board may be filled by the Governor at any time.
- Each appointee must take the constitutional oath of office and submit it to the Department of State before beginning their duties as board members.
- The board will choose a chair and vice chair from among its members in the month of January.
- The board will hold as many meetings as it considers necessary throughout the year, one of which will be the annual meeting.
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