Answer:
OH, H2O2 and O−2
Explanation:
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be defined as highly reactive chemical compounds formed from molecular oxygen (O2). ROS are generated as a normal product of cellular metabolism, and also as a response to different environmental/internal cellular stimuli (e.g., cytokines, xenobiotics, pathogenic invasion). For example, hydroxyl radicals (·OH) are a type of ROS generated in the mitochondria which are capable of inducing oxidative stress in different cells and also trigger chronic inflammation. Moreover, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) molecules represent another type of ROS which are produced during the stereoselective deamination of amino acids, i.e., the building blocks of proteins. These molecules (H2O2) exhibit toxic effects on the cell (e.g., DNA damage). Finally, singlet oxygen (1O2) is an excited state of molecular oxygen (O2) that is generated during photosynthesis in the photosystem II (PSII) of chloroplasts.
Answer:
pathogens
Explanation:
Microorganisms that cause disease are collectively called pathogens.
<span>Dialysis patients are prone to a myriad of medical anomalies. The most common medical conditions that dialysis patients have in addition to kidney failure are hypertension and diabetes. Hypertension is the onset of high blood pressure, and diabetes is a disease that prevents the pancreas from regulating glucose levels in the body.</span>
The Tricuspid Valve<span>. The tricuspid </span>valve<span> is the three-leaflet </span>valve<span> on </span>the right<span> side of the heart between </span>the right<span> atrium and </span>the right ventricle<span> and stops the </span>backflow of blood<span> between the two. I hope this helps!!</span>
Answer:
Hi, there it's U-G-G
Hope this helps and correct :)
Explanation:
