Every surface on earth absorbs and reflects energy at varying degrees, based on its color and texture. Dark-colored objects absorb more visible radiation; light-colored objects reflect more visible radiation. Shiny or smooth objects reflect more, while dull or rough objects absorb more.
Explanation:
Cancer cells do not contain the capacity to undergo
- a regular cell cycle where they only undergo cell division in response to external signals within their environment, i.e. regulation.
- differentiation into specialized cell types, with different physical traits; together they can't form different tissues.
Multiple mutations in several protooncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are required to form cancer.
Cancer-causing genes, or oncogenes, develop from protooncogenes which regulate normal cell division. They may undergo mutations that alter gene expression, disrupt cell regulation and lead to the transformation of normal cells into tumor cells- their resulting proteins are abnormal or not formed. Tumor suppressor genes, which can halt unregulated cell growth and division, may also become mutated.
Each individual inherits 2 copies of a gene from their parents- a single mutation in one of these does not directly lead to cancer. Multiple activated oncogenes, in turn produce damaged, non functional proteins and together contribute to forming cancers.
Further Explanation:
During the process of cell division, spontaneous changes within the genome can arise. These mutations are errors occur when copies of the DNA within the cell are made; mutations may range from small changes called single nucleotide polymorphisms, to large scale deletions, and additions which span multiple genes. There are two types:
- somatic: these only occur within certain cells, and arise from environmental factors such as UV light
- hereditary: occur within germ cells of the parent and later the fertilized egg which forms a zygote; these are present within all cells of the new organism.
Sequences of DNA make up genes which can have different forms called alleles. DNA, which makes up the genotype, is transcribed into mRNA and later translated into amino acids which are linked together by rRNA to form proteins which make up the phenotype of an organism. Mutations in DNA sequences affect the corresponding mRNA and thus the protein encoded.
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Learn more about DNA and RNA at brainly.com/question/2416343?source=aid8411316
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The attractive forces that hold molecules together are electrostatic forces, when particles move fast enough, these forces can no longer keep particles together.
The forces that hold molecules together in a given state of matter are purely electrostatic forces. These forces keep the molecules together in a given state of matter.
Recall that the molecules of a substance are in constant random motion. When particles move fast enough, these forces can no longer keep particles together.
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Answer:
Upwelling improves the nutrient supply at coastal fisheries as the cold, nutrient-rich water replaces the warm, nutrient-poor surface water
Explanation:
The upwelling is simply the process through which the cold water rises up toward the surface, pushes and moves away the warmer water, until it gets warmer and is pushed by the colder water blow it. The cold water that rises toward the surface is nutrient-rich, while the warm surface water is nutrient-poor. By having the nutrient-rich cold water come toward the surface, the coastal fisheries have great benefit, as the more nutrients there are, the more fish there will be for them to catch.
