Mansa Musa was the ruler of the kingdom of Mali. He is famous for being extremely wealthy and bringing along lots of gold on his hajj. Along the way, he would throw the gold out to the people of the cities he was passing by. It was said that he gave out so much gold that he caused inflation in Alexandria.
Therefore, the answer must be (c) the fourteenth century Muslim ruler of Mali known for his hajj and the plans he brought back to Timbuktu.
The African slaves were able to contribute to the elements of jazz are the following:
1. rhythm - It was a trait of African music to use 'polyrhythm' or the superimposing of a single rhythm
2. Blues - it is an important characteristic of Jazz that essentially evolved from the field hollering of the slaves
3. Syncopation - is also a critical part of Jazz because it varies the duration of the same notes being played in a song. This is also done by placing emphasis on beats (strong or weak).
This evolved from the call and response form used by the slaves when singing.
D.United States
The US refused to join the League of Nations because of a philosophy that had long existed in America that is known as "Isolationism". The concept of Isolationism gradually evolved from the beginnings of the United States of America.