Passive resistance is a technique of going against government activities by not following them. It is showing opposition without resorting to violence.
In the above choices, A.) A woman who refuses to obey the law and continues driving to work everyday is engaged in passive resistance against the law that the government passed preventing women from driving cars in public.
Constantinople was able to fight back against the numerous
invasion attempts before 1453, but with each fight it got weakened. This
resulted in the fall of Constantinople in the year 1453, at the hands of
Ottoman Turks. Constantinople was not only fighting against the Turks, but also
against the fellow Christians. The Turks did not care about the Muslim population
living in Constantinople. Constantinople never grew stronger with the
resistance they put up against the several external aggressors. If that has
been the case, then they would not have been defeated by the Ottoman Turks.