Part 1: The eclipse observed was a lunar eclipse. The sun is usually not visible during these eclipses. The moon is new during a solar, but full during a lunar. It is red during a lunar eclipse due to a reflection of the Suns light behind earth. It happens more often because Earths shadow is larger than the moons. The umbra is larger as well, so it lasts longer than a solar eclipse.
Part 2: The moon is in the full moon phase. The Earth is in between the Moon and the Sun. The umbra of Earths shadow is cast directly on the moon, casting out the suns light. A tint of the reddish color shines around earth from the Sun making the dark moon appear red. The moons axis is slightly tilted , so the umbra does not hit the moon every month. But when it does? It creates a lunar eclipse.
