The error in Dinesh's confusion over correlation versus causation about his observed correlation between a gym membership and being overweight is based on <u>backward causation</u>.
<h3>What is backward causation?</h3>
Backward causation is a phenomenon that refers to a situation when an effect is regarded as the cause of an event.
For instance, Dinesh should have recognized that many more overweight people would like to have a gym membership than otherwise.
The implication is that Dinesh should not have concluded falsely that gym memberships make people gain weight.
Thus, the error in Dinesh's confusion over correlation versus causation is referred to as <u>backward causation</u>.
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Answer:
ownership, revenue to the bidders/companies/revenue collectors
Explanation:
the ijaradari sysytem was introduced by Warren Hastings under British India(British Colonisation) in 1773. Here the bidders bid for lands which were state owned and the highest bidders were auctioned the right to collect revenues from those lands while paying taxes to the state. the bidders were called contractors and were given this right for 5 years intially which was later made annually in 1777. The system failed mostly because bidding was not related to land productivity and many Zamindars were unable to remit revenue to the companies.
Donald Trump is the 45th president of the US
It is characterized primarily by a paradox. A paradox is a statement or proposition that notwithstanding sound or apparently sound reasoning from acceptable premises that mains to a conclusion that appears pointless, logically intolerable or self-contradicting or seemingly absurd or self-contradictory statement or offer that when examined or clarified may prove to be well instituted or true.
Integrity
According to Erikson's psychosocial stages, the term to describe older people focusing on accepting their lives as well as their impending death is Integrity..
Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development is a theory introduced in the 1950s by the psychologist and psychoanalyst Erik Erikson.
It posits eight sequential stages of individual human development influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors throughout the lifespan. This bio-psychosocial approach has influenced several fields of study, including gerontology, personality development, identity formation, life cycle development, and more.
The final psychosocial stage occurs during old age and is focused on reflecting back on life. At this point in development, people look back on the events of their lives and determine if they are happy with the life that they lived or if they regret the things they did or didn't do.
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