Answer:
DNA vaccines consist of DNA vectors or plasmids (small double-stranded DNA rings originally derived from bacteria, but unable to cause infection) into which the genes encoding one or more immunizing proteins of the infectious agent have been inserted causing the disease to be prevented.
Explanation:
Vectors are the functional unit of naked DNA vaccines. Genes that encode the proteins of interest and are of bacterial origin are inserted into these vectors. Bacterial plasmids are circular DNA molecules that self-replicate extrachromosomally in bacteria. The genes encoded in these plasmids are under the control of promoters, almost always of viral origin. When a plasmid is introduced into the cell it translocates to the nucleus, where transcription of the transgene begins; the transcripts are then taken to the cytoplasm and translated there. The newly synthesized proteins are degraded in the proteasome to 8-10 amino acid peptides, which are transported to the endoplasmic reticulum. Peptides of high affinity with their respective MHC I molecule stabilize and enter the secretory pathway, thus reaching the cell surface, where they are coupled with the T-lymphocyte receptor (TcR) present on the surface of T lymphocytes cytotoxic drugs (CD8 +) to induce their activation.
Freshwater does not contain any salt, salt water does however contain salt.
Answer:
Which of the following explains the most likely effect this toxin will have on the Calvin cycle? Carbon dioxide will not be converted into carbohydrates. The toxin inhibits RuBisCO from catalyzing the joining of carbon dioxide with RuBP. This prevents carbon fixation, so the Calvin cycle will not occur.
Insertion and deletion point mutations alter the reading frame from the point of mutation to the end of the gene.
<h3>What is a polypeptide?</h3>
Polypeptide: A peptide consisting of 2 or more amino acids. Amino acids make up polypeptides which, in turn, make up proteins.
<h3>Are polypeptides a protein?</h3>
Proteins are therefore also known as polypeptides.
Each type of protein has a unique sequence of amino acids, exactly the same from one molecule to the next. Many thousands of different proteins are known, each with its own particular amino acid sequence.
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Answer:
Chill the alcohol in the freezer.
Remove the green stems from the strawberries and add to the bag. Squish the strawberries into a pulp.
Add 1 tablespoon of dish soap, a teaspoon of salt, and 1/3 of a cup of water to the bag. Mix.
Explanation:
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