The correct answer is A) Have diverse cell wall compositions
Explanation:
Both bacteria and archaea comes under prokaryotes because they both lack a membrane-bound nucleus. The difference between archaea and bacteria is in their cell wall composition.
The bacterial cell wall is made up of peptidoglycan and the archeal cell wall is made up of pseudo-peptidoglycan. In bacteria, peptidoglycan contains N acetyl muramic acid and N acetyl glucosamine unit but in archaea, the N acetyl muramic unit is replaced by some other unit and the linkage of two units is also different in archaea. So the right answer is A.
The Archaea bacteria are the unicellular prokaryotes which share common features with the Eubacteria and the Eukaryotes.
Like Eubacteria the Archaea do not possess a well-defined nucleus, they reproduce by binary fission, use a variety of organic compounds as food but the difference between them is the composition of the cell wall.
The cell wall of archaea bacteria differs from that of the eubacteria as the cell wall of eubacteria contains the peptidoglycan whereas the archaebacteria do not possess peptidoglycan but a similar molecule with different sugar called pseudo-peptidoglycan.
The process of transport of substances that uses energy and carrier proteins of the membrane is called active transport. Amino acids can not cross the hydrophobic core of the membrane and therefore, are transported through carrier proteins. The carrier proteins transport the amino acids using energy and the process is called active transport.
