Ecosystem levels of organization includes abiotic factors.
Answer: Option B
<u>Explanation:</u>
In science, the term species alludes to all creatures of a similar kind that are conceivably skilled, under regular conditions, of rearing and delivering rich posterity. The individuals from an animal type living in a given zone simultaneously comprise a populace. Every one of the populaces living and interfacing inside a specific geographic zone makes up a natural (or biotic) community.
The living life forms in a network together with their nonliving or abiotic condition make up an ecosystem. In general, an ecosystem it can be as little as a couple of mosquito hatchlings living in a downpour puddle or as huge as prairie extending crosswise over a huge number of kilometers.
Answer:
Venous return (VR) is the flow of blood back to the heart.
Venous return to the right atrium is the most important factor determining cardiac output, provided both ventricles and the pulmonary circulation are normal.
Explanation:
Venous return refers to the flow of blood from the periphery back to the right atrium, and except for periods of a few seconds, it is equal to cardiac output.
Venous return is facilitated by a number of factors, including inspiration, increased total blood volume, increased venomotor tone, the cardiac suction effect, the presence of venous valves and the skeletal muscle pump.
Contraction of the skeletal muscles surrounding veins increases the pressure within the veins, pushing open the proximal valve and forcing blood toward the heart. For example, when calf muscles contract during exercise, blood is forced toward the heart, thus increasing venous return.
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