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The national hero, the initiator of the accession of the Spanish Florida, Andrew Jackson (1767–1845) led the country at 62, but the age did not prevent him from showing himself as one of the most active presidents in history. For authoritarian manners, the active use of the veto, and shaking up the entire government mechanism in order to appoint loyal supporters to key posts, Jackson earned the people the nickname "King Andrew." However, this did not prevent him from being reelected in 1832 for a second term and becoming a real symbol of the era of classical American democracy (which is often called “Jacksonian”).
Among the events of the Jackson administration, two episodes deserve attention, when the strengthening of presidential power played a key role in determining the course of the country's further development. The first episode is related to an attempt by South Carolina to refuse to comply with federal laws on import trade duties. Southern cotton producers did not like the policy of industrial protectionism pursued by the federal center in the interests of the northern and western states, and the southerners, led by Jackson's first vice president John Calhoun, decided in 1832 to oppose protectionism to the so-called "The doctrine of nullification." President Jackson’s reaction was instantaneous: US Army units were sent to South Carolina, and only the intervention of the “master of compromises,” Henry Clay, helped to avoid a civil war. South Carolina was content with promises of a gradual reduction in fees and repealed its nullification laws.
If in the case of the Carolina revolt, Jackson acted contrary to his own ideology (he was an opponent of the increase in duties), on the basis of authoritarian approaches, then in another famous episode, the president exercised not only his power, but also his aspirations. It is about the elimination of the National Bank of the United States, the famous brainchild of Alexander Hamilton. In 1833, Jackson withdrew federal funds from the bank’s accounts, thereby inflicting a blow, as he believed, on the east coast elite, “dragging a financial noose around the neck of the American people.” Supporters of the president were delighted, but in the long run the decision had many negative consequences: the financial sector for many decades got out of direct government control.
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