I believe the answer is: B.The Byzantine emperor was considered to be the highest political and religious figure. In the Western Empire, the highest political and religious figures were two different people.
Even though it's true that the priests had a really huge influence in western politic, At that time period the highest political figures and religious figures still divided between the emperor and the High Priest. The priest's involvement in political stance limited only to being a direct advisory to the Emperor.
I think... The scientific revolution was a period when intelectual began to think of the world in a new way.
BC is Before Christ and BCE is Before Common Era.
Jewish were forced to wear a yellow star to be identified by everyone at certain times in certain countries.
