The effect of this mutation is a gain in function that will stimulate the sodium channel and allow more sodium to pass inside the cell.
There are two types of consequence of mutations on proteins, loss of function, gain of function or neutral.
Mutation gain of function (which is rare) is that the protein is gaining activity, this is the example shown with the sodium channel. This has negative consequences (toxic effect) if the protein works more than it should. This will affect the function of the cell and may destroy it. the rod cells are cells found at the level of the photoreceptor of the eye, this mutation can have serious consequences on the sight.
Collections of several interacting populations that inhabit a common environment. Group of organisms all of the same species, which interbreed and live in the same place at the same time. d Ecosystem i believe
The right answer for the question that is being asked and shown above is that: "a.Cyanobacteria are photoautotrophs." The atmosphere that we depend on for our survival is enriched by numerous cyanobacteria. This fact justifies the characteristic of cyanobacteria that is Cyanobacteria are photoautotrophs.