Allel frequency, or gene frequency, is the relative frequency of an allele at a particular locus in a population, expressed as a fraction or percentage. Specifically, it is the fraction of all chromosomes in the population that carry that allele
The different amino acids can code with each other making many different results. even though there are only 4 chemicals, the amount of different links they can make means that they have more than 4variations
I’m guessing the answer would be the second one!
Earth would basically look like the Moon; minus the craters, of course. This is because with no atmosphere to hold all of the Oxygen near the surface, all life would die off fairly quickly.
There are so many examples for that in different areas, like biology experiment carried out in our lab recently.
Here's one link: https://www.creative-biogene.com/Services/Custom-Viral-Service/Replication-Competent-Virus-Testing.html