Answer:
1. Likeness:
Likeness of members in a social group is the primary basis of their mutuality. May be in the beginning assumed or real common lineage, tribal affinity, family benefit or the compactness due to a common to time inculcated between and among the members in the group the feeling of likeness. Likeness means mutuality, and that means Society.
2. The Reciprocal Awareness:
Likeness is generative of reciprocity. Once some are aware of the mutual likeness, they, certainly differentiate against those who are not like them. The problem of likes and dislikes was concomitant to the social growth. Consciousness of this kind, alone could make sense of likeness. All social action is based on reciprocal response. This alone, makes possible, the we-feeling.
3. Differences:
Sense of likeness in not always sufficient. It alone is not adequate for social organisation. This does not exclude diversity or variation. The social structure of humanity is based on the family which rests upon the biological differences between the sexes, viz, men and women. The economic structure of society is based upon division of labour in which the professions and economic activities of people are different or dissimilar. The culture of society prospers with the differences in thoughts ideals, viewpoints, etc. No two individuals are alike in their nature.
4.Cooperation:
Cooperation is also another essential element to constitute society. Without cooperation, no society can exist. If the members of the society do not work together for the common purposes, they cannot lead a happy and comfortable life. Cooperation avoids mutual destructiveness and results in economy. In the words of P. Gisbert, “Cooperation is the most elementary process of social life without which society is impossible.”
Explanation:
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Answer:
We can use the Climatage scandal as an example of Boundary Work.
Explanation:
Boundary work is a term created by the sociologist Thomas F. Gieryn and consists of the work of assigning concepts that serve as a characteristic to a scientific branch, specifying it and separating it from the other fields. These concepts can be the methods used in this scientific field, the organization of work, the necessary equipment, the values adopted, among others.
An example of boundary work can be seen in the scientific scandal called Climategate, where limits were placed on the scientific institution that would allow it to respond to the plagiarism charges it was receiving.
<span>Biofeedback is a mind–body technique in which individuals learn how to modify their physiology for the purpose of improving physical, mental and emotional well being. The patient is</span><span> connected to electrical sensors that help you receive information (feedback) about his/her body (bio).</span>
<span>In "biofeedback" an individual learns to control stress responses by being connected to an electric charge.
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