The African Americans in the north during the mid 1800's were very poor. Most died from illnesses and natural causes. It was a very harsh time for them.
The correct answer is case study.
A case study is a method of psychological research that involves collecting in-depth information and data about an individual person or animal. Information gathered from case studies can be from a combination of questionnaires, interviews, observations etc. Case studies can be conducted when investigating any psychological phenomena, however, they are most useful when investigating psychological or mental disorders.