Following World War 2, as the Cold War developed and the Soviet Union was gathering allies, there was much fear -- and fear-mongering -- in the United States about the threat of communism. This time period, from the late 1940s to late 1950s, is known as the Second Red Scare. This was when the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) was created and when Senator Joseph McCarthy began a campaign of accusations against suspected communists in various sectors of American life. During the Second Red Scare, many people were targeted -- including especially those in the entertainment industry, journalism, and in government and the military. The lessons learned from the McCarthy era showed that the freedoms guaranteed in the Bill of Rights must be vigorously defended. If individual's rights to freedom of speech and freedom of association are called into question, and due process of law is not followed, everything America stands for can come under attack.
A good film you might look for on the subject of McCarthy's fear campaign and how it was overcome is the 2005 movie, "Good Night and Good Luck." The film shows the efforts of journalist Edward R. Murrow to battle against McCarthy's excesses and unfounded accusations. It was especially through the efforts of Murrow that McCarthy's excessive actions were stopped.
The McCarthy Era was one of the darkest chapters in American
History. The U.S. government was so
determined to root out Communist threats in their country. Their suspicion was stronger than their
better judgment and as a result, many innocent were unjustly accused of either
being communist spies or sympathizers.
Some lost their careers while others were sentenced unjustly. It is a grim reminder that we should let
paranoia rule our actions. We must also
defend our freedoms against any unlawful arrest without any proof. Our freedom and understanding is far too
important for us to take for granted. That Era nearly took it away from us. We must never let it happen again.
