Unicameral Legislature
Law making body made up of a single house
<span></span>Bicameral Legislature
lawmaking body made up of two houses.
<span></span>Articles of confederation
original federal constitution drafted by the continental congress in 1777
<span></span>federal
national
<span></span>Northwest territory
vast territory north of the Ohio river and west of Pennsylvania as far as the Mississippi River
<span></span>Land Ordinance of 1785
law which designed a system for managing and settling lands the the Northwest Territory
<span></span>Northwest Ordinance of 1787
law which provided a basis for governing the northwest territory
<span></span>Shays' Rebellion
farmers' rebellion led by Daniel shays against higher taxes in Massachusetts
<span></span>John Dickinson
<span>-From Pennsylvania
-led the congress in designing a loose confederation of 13 states</span>
<span></span>Virginia Plan
James Madison's proposal for a bicameral legislature with representation based upon population
<span></span>New Jersey Plan
William Paterson's proposal for a unicameral legislature with each state having one vote
<span></span>Great Compromise
compromise between the Virginia and New Jersey plans for a bicameral legislature; each state would have equal representation in the Senate and varied representation in the House of Representatives based on the state's population
<span></span>federalism
political system in which power is shared between the national government and state governments
<span></span>Three fifths Compromise
compromise in which each enslaved person would be counted as three fifths of a person for the purposes of legislative representation
<span></span>Alexander hamiliton
<span>-very conservative in principles
-disliked Democracy so he praised the British Constitution
-thought that a balanced government should have elements of aristocracy and monarchy as well as of republicanism</span>
<span></span>James Madison
<span>-Father of the Constitution
-took detailed notes at the Constitutional Convention
-only a strong nation can rescue the states from their own democratic excesses
-favored republicanism rather than a constitution modeled after the British system
-insisted that a large republic with diverse interests would preserve the common good.</span>
<span></span>ratification
official approval
<span></span>Federalist
one who favored ratification of the Constitution
<span></span>Antifederalist
one who opposed ratification of the Constitution
<span></span>The Federalist
series of 85 essays written by Madison, Hamilton, and Jay that explained and defended the Constitution
<span></span>Bill of Rights
first ten amendments to the Constitution; written list of freedoms guaranteed to citizens by the government
<span></span>popular sovereignty
principle in which the people are the only source of government power
<span></span>Limited government
principle stating that the government has only as much authority as the people give it and, therefore, its power is limited
<span></span>separation of powers
principle that divides power among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government
<span></span>checks and balances
system in which each branch of the government has the power to monitor and limit the actions of the other two
<span></span>electoral college
group of persons chosen from each state to indirectly elect the President and Vice President
<span></span>John Jay
<span>-one of the authors of the Federalists Papers
-became the first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court after the Constitution went into effect</span>
<span></span><span>-democratic
-loose confederation
-power was limited
-Congress implemented and enforced laws
-Executive power was shared by committees
-Each state had one vote in Congress
-Minor issues were passed by a simple majority. Major issues, like declaring war, required 9 states
-Amendments to the Articles required the agreement of all 13 states</span>
What type of government was the Articles of Confederation
<span></span>The New Jersey Plan
Which Plan most resembled the Articles of Confederation?
<span></span><span>-A slave counted as three-fifths of a person in determining representation in Congress and electoral votes for presidential elections
-Importation of slaves could not be forbidden for twenty years.
-Northern states could not pass laws to help runaway slaves</span>
How did the three/fifths compromise help the south?
<span></span>The fact that Congress had a limited role. They could not tax or regulate commerce between states or states and foreign nations. There was no federal court system.
What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
<span></span>the people
from where does government derive it's power?
<span></span><span>-popular sovereignty
-Limited government
-Separation of Powers
- Federalism
-Checks and Balances
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