The correct answers to these open questions are the following.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of the use of presentence investigation reports? 
The advantage is that this kind of background investigation can lead to a considerable reduction of the sentence if the authority finds a considerable reason to do so. On the other hand, the disadvantage or risk is that a failure in the investigation provokes an incorrect decision about the right sentence for the criminal. 
Should factors such as education, family, work history, and prior criminal history have an impact on sentencing?
Yes, they should. That is part of the investigation. If the criminal has had a previous "normal" life, with no serious conflicts at all, those factors can be contemplated to reduce the sentence of the individual. 
Should any external factors make a difference? Yes, that is why there is this kind of investigation. The probation officer has the responsibility of preparing this presentence investigation report and has the faculty to consider the element it deems necessary to severely punish a criminal or reduce the sentence to help it. 
 
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
what? I don't understand what you wrote here lol 
 
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
industry, manufacturing and commerce
Explanation:
 
        
                    
             
        
        
        
The Minoan culture of crete developed a commercial empire around 2000-1500 B.C.
        
             
        
        
        
Answer:
-the United States annexed Texas.
-Mexico would not sell California to the United States.
Explanation:
James Knox Polk was one of the greatest Presidents of the United States of America. He served as the 11th President of the United States of America. He was a president with a focused political agenda. 
President Polk was not in favor of the Mexican leaders and he wanted to go war with Mexico to further the idea of the Manifest destiny. Polk had many disagreements with the Mexican leaders because Mexico refused to sell California to the US and also USA annexed the states of Texas.  Thus there were tension in both Mexico and the USA.