The correct answer is option C, that is, waves.
Waves take place at shorelines and are inhibited by the rock walls, dunes, plants, sandbags, and raised structures. The deposition of sand mediated by waves produce beaches and sandbars. The waves continuously erode and shape the coastline.
The tides, winds, storms, and at certain occasions earthquakes results in the formation of waves. The sandbars also known as trough bars, are formed at the point of breaking of the waves.
Phloem is the first xylem the second
This occurs through conduction when two things get in contact with each other.
here's a definition from kid's britannica: "<span>Conduction transfers heat within a body or between two bodies that are touching. It is a point-by-point process of heat transfer. Conduction occurs in solids, liquids, or gases that are at rest. Energy flows, but the substance through which the heat is being transferred does not itself flow."</span>