Engulfed in the dust storm
        
             
        
        
        
Modern international law recognizes only three lawful justifications for waging war: self-defense, defense of an ally required by the terms of a treaty, and approval by the United Nations.
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Answer:
D. housing became very limited and cramped
Explanation:
The other options weren't immediate effects
 
        
             
        
        
        
Impending war between Mexico and the US.
The American settlers in California resented the Mexican government and were fearful of oppressive reforms with rumors of a war between Mexico and the US. To secure their place, troops incited a rebellion and California declared their independence.