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Lera25 [3.4K]
3 years ago
6

Cual fue la importancia de los reales de minas en la expansión y desarrollo del virreinato

History
1 answer:
EastWind [94]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

La minería fue la actividad económica que más impulso tuvo en la colonia, pues cualquiera podía echar a andar una mina, siempre y cuando entregase la quinta parte de sus ganancias a la corona española. Fue además un incentivo para la conquista, exploración y colonización de nuevos territorios. Las principales minas de Nueva España fueron la de Zacatecas (1547), Pachuca (1553), Fresnillo, Guanajuato (1558) y finalmente San Luis Potosí (1592). Estas ciudades también recibieron gran cantidad de pobladores debido a la esperanza de muchos benjamines por conseguir un mejor nivel de vida.

Los mineros eran explotados y cuando necesitaban comprar productos (Agua, cuerdas, bombas, entre otros) acudían a la tienda del patrón, el salario de los mineros era deplorable y el precio de los productos era exageradamente alto, por lo cual era muy raro que un minero no se endeudara. Cuando alguien que tenía una deuda con el patrón moría, su deuda era heredada a sus descendientes.

El beneficio de patio fue descubierto por Bartolomé de Medina en 1554, y su principal consecuencia fue un incremento en la activación de la minería, pues el nuevo sistema requería de menos tiempo, menor mano de obra y reducía la cantidad de trabajadores necesarios para la obra. Sin embargo, la obra de Medina requería un mayor costo económico (el sistema estaba formado por sal, pirita de hierro, cobre y mercurio — porque fue la más importante de toda la Nueva España —), pero el costo fue paliado rápidamente y la minería siguió su crecimiento.

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