Next time remember to put in the option of the question, luckily for you I can see trough computers. If I'm correct the answer to your question is C. I can't be completely right without any sort of picture though.
Proteins: Large molecules composed of one or more chains of amino acids in a specific order determined by the base sequence of nucleotides in the DNA coding for the protein. Proteins are required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body's cells, tissues, and organs.
Check out this link for more information:
https://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/mobileart.asp?articlekey=15380
In your question that ask on which of the following observation led Darwin to start thinking about evolution. I think that the answer is A. The animals on the Galapagos Islands were recognizable as similar to their counterparts in other regions of the world, but had range of noticeable differences from those counterparts. Many animals also had small variations form island to island
ATP. I think of it as being "full" because it has 3 total phosphate groups attached to it, which means that it has more energy stored in the bonds between those phosphate groups (especially the bond with the last P) whereas ADP has only 2 phosphate groups and has less energy stored within its bonds.
Hope this helps :)