D is correct, as the constitution specified responsibilities allotted to federal and state governments. All other answers are true for both kinds of relationships.
The correct answer for 1 is Fort Sumter
The correct answer for 2 is c. a larger population
Three should be c. a declaration to end slavery
as well since they gained a lot of support thanks to their declaration to end it.
Once a certain interpretation or precedent is set in the Supreme Court, the way the law is interpreted is based on that precedent.