<span>Soon after gaining independence from Spain in 1821, Mexico opened its northern coastal region of California to foreign trade. American vessels from the east were soon engaged in lucrative commerce with the Californios, Californians of Spanish or Mexican descent. Offering such necessities as cooking utensils and boots, as well as luxuries such as brandy, the Americans reaped profits of 200 to 300 percent. In exchange, the Californios exported cowhides produced on their vast coastal ranches.</span>
The Germanic tribes were much more culturally set back than the romans in things like buildings, writing, and art. The Germanic tribes were mainly nomadic so they never settled down to build magnificent buildings such as the Colosseum. The Romans at one point switched over to christian religion and the Germanic tribes were pagan, so after the Roman Empire collapsed, Christianity almost died out in most of Europe.
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Although scholarly debate continues about the exact causes of the Revolution, the following reasons are commonly adduced: (1) the bourgeoisie resented its exclusion from political power and positions of honour; (2) the peasants were acutely aware of their situation and were less and less willing to support the
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