HaileyS0922,
The answer is the second option "The Due Process Clause." The Due Process Clause was when every person deserved a free trial but the fourteenth amendment ratified it stating "deprived of life, liberty or property without due process of law" and then making it a legal obligation for all states.
Hope this helps!
The power to determine which cases will be heard by the U.S. Supreme Court The power to review and determine if laws or acts of governments are unconstitutional. I hope I could help. xD
Qin Shi Huang took the title
The Omaha tribe had been fighting Sioux tribes prior to the period of Lewis and Clark.