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The answer is A. The main characteristic of a desert is its aridity. Most deserts receive an annual precipitation of ten or fewer inches. Temperatures can't be a defining characteristic of deserts because there are deserts with low temperatures such as those in the polar regions (antarctica). In these regions, water is unavailable because it is completely frozen as ice.
The correct answer is - plate tectonics.
The convection currents in the mantle, are having very high temperatures and very high pressures. Because of that, they managed to crack the crust, and thus divide the surface of the Earth in multiple peaces, or as we call them, tectonic plates. The very high pressure from bellow manages to push the tectonic plates in certain direction, and even though that movement is only a couple of cm per year, on the long term it has huge effects on everything on the planet.