The main arguments of the reformers come from a free and personal interpretation of the Bible.
The Protestants noticed the excesses of Catholic traditions. Martin Luther (1483-1546) in Germany and Jean Calvin (1509-1564) in France rejected the authority of the Church, which defines itself as the sole interpreter of the divine faith.
The pillars of Protestantism are expressed by the solae:
- The Bible is the supreme authority.
- Salvation is obtained by faith alone
Salvation is not the result of effort or merit.
- Jesus is the only mediator between men and God (rejection of papal authority)
- God is the only one to worship.
Luther found among some German princes support and protection to divulge his ideas. They also harbored grudges against the pope and the high clergy. Luther undertook to translate the Bible into German and the Reformation spread among the German principalities.
In England, Henry VIII proclaims himself "Supreme Head of the Church and Clergy" and breaks all diplomatic relations with Rome. In this situation of weakness of the Catholic Church, the Reform is spreading in Europe
The invention of printing by Gutenberg in 1450 allowed the transmission of new ideas and knowledge not only among scholars, but also among traders and artisans. Printing is the vector that will allow the exchange of new ideas.
<span>The new industrial class was filled with people who built factories, bought machinery, and figured out where the markets were.
In the new industrial era, most middle class will always made an effort to make innovation for new products/service that could be mass-produced for the market. This will led to them using various type of machineries and factories and will constantly to see the trend in public in order find inspiration for the products</span>
Here are some reasons take your pick. Good luck! :)
Japan had modernized weapons
Corruption of the Chinese government-officials embezzled military funds.
Chinese army and navy had little preparation for the war
Japan had better war tactics and strategies
Chinese just finished the War of Opium and were weak
The majority of China’s massive population was not educated
Answer:
See explanation.
Explanation:
The Hebrews are in the region of modern day Israel and Palestine.
The Phoenicians were in the region of modern day southern Syria, northern Israel, and Lebanon.
The Sumerians occupied the region of southern Iraq in the modern day.
The Egyptians still occupy modern Egypt today.
Hope this helps! :) If you have a question about my answer, just comment!
