Imperialist policies
Henry Cabot Lodge comes from the famous Lodge family and he was the American congressman and a historian. He supported a number of imperialist policies.He wanted the US to be more involved in foreign affairs and to have a strong navy to do so. He also supported the annexation of the Philippines....the correct answer would be all of the above.
Golly this one sure is hard. It eliminated the need for mail to be carried via roads or rail lines, and things (and people) could be carried directly to the destination's nearest airport instead of all the way down the winding roads to it.
The practice of paying back money to large companies who funded the railroad (assuming you meant railroad).
Could you add a little more context please?