starch, glycogen, and cellulose are all made of chains of AMINO ACIDS?
Answer:
<h2>C. placing carrier proteins in the membrane.</h2>
Explanation:
If there is no barrier preventing molecules from moving molecules, then there will be large movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. This passive process is known as diffusion. The phospholipid bilayer of a cell's membrane works as a barrier to large molecules, ions, and most hydrophilic molecules. Whereas small hydrophobic molecules can pass freely through the phospholipid bilayer, other molecules and ions are transported across the cell membrane with the help of transport proteins. Some transport proteins, allowing hydrophilic molecules and ions to passively move through them and across the cell membrane.
Examples: carrier proteins and channel proteins.
Placing carrier proteins in the cell membrane will allow the molecule to reach equal concentrations on the both the sides of the membrane and maintain that way over long time. In contrast, transport proteins known as pumps will use cellular energy, usually in the form of ATP, to transport molecules.
Placing equal numbers of intracellularly directed and extracellularly directed pumps would also equalize the concentrations of a molecule long over time. Pumps are to transport molecules against their concentration gradient, such as the sodium-potassium pump continuously moves sodium ions out of a cell.
Through the use of carrier proteins, there is equalization of concentrations of a hydrophilic molecule. This equalize the numbers of molecules on the inside and outside of the cell, but the pumps would continue moving the molecule inward, eventually resulting in more molecules inside of the cell than out.
Answer:
One of these specifications is a characteristic known as rifling, which refers to the spiral lands and grooves placed into the firearm's barrel to impart a spin on the bullet for accuracy. ... Examiners generally test fire into a water recovery tank to obtain comparison bullets for evaluation under the microscope.
Answer: option C) cowpox and smallpox are caused by the same virus
Explanation:
Cowpox is a skin disease that affects cattle. It is caused by an Orthopoxvirus, with lesions occurring principally on the udder and teats of the animals.
Human infection may occur from touching infected cows, and thus giving immunity to smallpox (an acute infection caused by the same poxyvirus, in HUMANS)
So, Jenner's successful use was because cowpox and smallpox are caused by the same virus
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