The correct answer is satire.
Twain is being very satirical when he wrote about Jim and Huck talking about King Solomon. According to the Bible, King Solomon was the wisest man of them all, but Huck doesn't understand how that could be possible due to what he learned about such people during his life. So Twain tried to mock formal education and religion through this discussion.
Our attitudes influence "B. our beliefs and understanding and how we respond to them." In general, attitude influences all these things, and the more positive the attitude the more likeliness there is for positive change.
Just "few" is descriptive word I think
