1 is d
2 is c and please just ask one question at a time, its annoying to have a lot.
A. Multiple Voices - During Bach's time, a chorale was a chorus sung at
church cantata, also known as church hymns. Bach borrowed these popular hymns and harmonized the voice with accompanying
alto, tenor, and bass voices. To this, he filled out the four-part
harmonies with the text of the hymn and the end product
would be called a chorale.
Yes I believe so, please let me know if I am incorrect