A summary is a shortened version of a text. It contains the main points in the text and is written in your own words. It is a mixture of reducing a long text to a short text and selecting relevant information. A good summary shows that you have understood the text.
<span>b) waged wars of conquest. This is because everything else is written in the past tense, so only choice b would work.
choice d is just a waste of words.</span>
