Answer:
So one can check the sources for themselves and gauge the validity of those sources leading the paper into question.
The railroads contributed to urban growth during the second industrial revolution in a huge way. It helped to transport the commodities over a long distance very swiftly and also at a much cheaper rate. Local people could easily send their products to distance places via the railroads and this was not possible before the railroads were made. If they were transported by water, then the costing became high and the traders would not get any benefit at all. The railroads had a big part to play behind the invention of the telegraph machine.the telegraph lines and the railroads always went together.
A rich landowner or noble is an aristocrat.
Answer:
Famine
Explanation:
“The policies of the Great Leap Forward, the failure of the government to respond quickly and effectively to famine conditions, as well as Mao's insistence on maintaining high grain export quotas in the face of clear evidence of poor crop output were responsible for the famine.” Says Wiki.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Leap_Forward
I think about 228.5 billion USD