How did the first Zhou rulers justify their overthrow of the Shang? a. by convincing the people that they ruled through a mandat
e from heaven b. by keeping most of the population illiterate and tied to the land c. by introducing the concept of the mandate of heaven d. by monopolizing the trade in metals, salt, and silks e. by maintaining strict surveillance over the people
Option: C. by introducing the concept of the mandate of heaven.
Explanation:
The Zhou rulers overthrew the Shang Dynasty by declaring themselves as a ruler under the concept of the mandate of heaven, after saying Shang emperors as unqualified and corrupt. Zhou rulers introduced the concept of the mandate of heaven, which means they have the right to rule in China, as heaven has permitted them. Zhou also believed that since there was one heaven, therefore there can be only one ruler to rule China at one time.
Genghis Khan was the founder and first Great Khan (Emperor) of the Mongol Empire, which became the largest contiguous empire in history after his death. He came to power by uniting many of the nomadic tribes of Northeast Asia. After founding the Empire and being proclaimed Genghis Khan, he launched the Mongol invasions that conquered most of Eurasia, reaching as far west as Poland and the Levant in the Middle East.