Latitude is the angular distance of a place north or south of the earth's equator, or of a celestial object north or south of the celestial equator, usually expressed in degrees and minutes. and it is horizontal
        
                    
             
        
        
        
V shaped contour line pointing downhill indicate a ridge line, while the ones pointing uphill indicate a water flow.
Explanation:
The contour lines are one of the basic and most important elements on the maps. While in general they are associated with representing the elevation, they actually tell much more about the topography of a place. In a typical contour line, it is relatively common that the V shape occurs at particular places.
The V shape can be pointed downhill or uphill. The ones that point downhill are indicators of a ridge line, thus they show us the ridge more easily, so we can orientate better and have better representation of the area. The ones that point uphill, on the other hand, are indicators that there is a water flow, or there was a water flow. The rivers and streams with their erosive power manage to create such shapes in the relief, if viewed from above. The opening on the V is from where the water flows down.
Some of the types of contour lines are:
- isopleths
 - isohyets
 - isobars
 - isobaths
 - isoterms
 - isonephs
 
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True; with improvements in technology/manufacturing, acid rain became a major problem
        
                    
             
        
        
        
Answer:
Stratovolcanoes are common at subduction zones, forming chains and clusters along plate tectonic boundaries where oceanic crust is drawn under continental crust (continental arc volcanism, e.g. Cascade Range, Andes, Campania) or another oceanic plate (island arc volcanism, e.g. Japan, Philippines, Aleutian Islands).