Although the Crusades are popularly viewed as religiously inspired campaigns to recapture the Holy Land, students should recognize them as a result of the social and economic events in Europe between 1000 and 1200. Religious and secular leaders seeking to end the fighting among feudal lords seized upon the Crusades as a means of redirecting that aggression. Feudal knights who would not be inheriting their family properties eagerly enlisted in the Crusades as a way to win wealth or status. The idea of the pilgrimage was a powerful one, and the Crusades were basically armed pilgrimages to the Holy Land. The various Crusades ultimately failed. The sack of Constantinople was a fitting denouement to the whole concept. The interaction with the East brought to Europe not only Arabic translations of Greek texts, but also original Arabic and Iranian scientific and philosophical works.
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Lady Bird Johnson
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established the national wildflower research center
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rise of nationalism in Europe after the defeat of Napoleon
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Roaring twenties
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Roaring twenties was age of political and social change,It lasted from 1920 to 1929 and was followed by the Great depression.
It was the time when more Americans were living in cities than on countryside and US wealth doubled from 1920 to 1929. Due to this economic growth American society became a society of consumers.
The mass consumer culture of 20's also led to economic slowdown. The companies were producing more and offered the goods on easy instalments and this motivated people to spend more and save less and it led to overproduction
Roaring twenties culture was also different from before as women roles has changed. Women had gotten the right to vote and a new liberal young woman emerged whose dressing was more liberal and listened to new form of music called jazz.
