Out of the choices given, active and passive transport of solutes across a membrane typically differ because active transport always involves the utilization of cellular energy, whereas passive transport does not require cellular energy. The correct answer is B.
the one that is considered a chemcial mutagen is : Tobacco Chemical mutagen refer to the substance that affected the DNA of those who consume the substancce or their offspring. Studies showed that consuming tobacco has proven to created DNA deformations for the fetus if it consumed by pregnant women.
→ Darwin believed that the need to adapt, in similar words, the changes occruing in the environment caused evolution.
The main cause of evolution, according to Darwin, was natural selection. Natural selection is a process in which a group of organisms with certain characteristics survive and thrive, in comparison to other organisms with different characteristics. This idea basically means that having some characteristics makes you suited for an environment.
And how would that ↑ explain Evolution?
Well, evolution is the change in species that occurs during time. But for you to change, there must be a cause for that change, which is none other than the need to survive, reproduce, etc.
→ As mentioned before, not all characteristics are enough to surive, and hopefully the image pasted below will help you.
Hope it helped,
BioTeacher101