Answer:
1863
Explanation:
President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863, as the nation approached its third year of bloody civil war. The proclamation declared "that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free."
Poland was not one of them
Restrict the ability of African Americans to obtain voting rights.
The black community experienced much poverty because of prejudice against them in the economic system of the country, so poll taxes could keep them from going to the polls to vote.
Blacks also typically had less access to education than whites even after slavery was ended; thus their literacy rates were lower. So literacy tests were also used to restrict blacks from voting.
Southern states also utilized "grandfather clauses," which were exemptions to things like poll taxes and literacy tests, granted to those whose forefathers ("grandfathers") had full voting rights prior to the Civil War. So if there were poor or illiterate whites, they could vote freely while blacks (whose ancestors had been slaves) were subjected to the laws restricting their voting ability.
These sorts of restrictions against black voters prompted much of the activism of the civil rights movement that began in the middle of the 20th century.
The correct answers are:
c) Warm-Water ports could function all year round
d) Peter's reign, Archangel was Russia's only major port.
Warm water port is a port where the water does not freeze in the winter. It allows the country to carry on trade and commerce throughout the winter, so they are available year-round. They have a great geopolitical and economic interest. Because of the strong winter, Russia needed a warm water port to have a well-rounded economy like China or America.
Peter had reforms so he could engage in a series of wars. From 1695 to 1723 Russia was constantly at war. The goal was to have warm water ports for Russia on the Baltic and the Black Sea. Russia’s only major port before the war was Archangel it lays on the White Sea and freezes over for 9 months of the year.
