Answer:
Congress passed the War Powers Resolution in the aftermath of the Vietnam War to address these concerns and provide a set of procedures for both the President and Congress to follow in situations where the introduction of U.S. forces abroad could lead to their involvement in armed conflict.
Ever since its passage in 1973, politicians have been divided on the War Powers Act’s effectiveness. Supporters of the resolution maintain that it is a much-needed check on the president’s ability to make war without Congressional approval.
Critics, meanwhile, argue the law has failed to create better coordination between the executive and legislative branches. Some believe the law is too restrictive on the president’s ability to respond to foreign emergencies, while others contend that it gives the president free reign to commit troops overseas.
Most experts tend to agree that the War Powers Act has rarely worked as intended. According to one study by the Congressional Research Service, presidents have traditionally avoided citing certain provisions of the resolution whenever they submit reports to Congress. As a result, the 60-day time limits of the law have rarely been triggered, and it has never been used to bring an end to a foreign military operation.
Because of the War Powers Act’s contentious history, there have occasionally been calls for the resolution to be repealed or amended. One notable attempt came in 1995, when the U.S. House of Representatives voted on an amendment that would have repealed many of the Act’s main components. The measure was narrowly defeated by a vote of 217-204.
The main way in which Parliament tried to limit the power of the English monarchy was by making executive orders and declarations by the King have less power under the votes.
In the War of 1812, the United States took on the greatest naval power in the world, Great Britain, in a conflict that would have an immense impact on the young country’s future. Causes of the war included British attempts to restrict U.S. trade, the Royal Navy’s impressment of American seamen and America’s desire to expand its territory. The United States suffered many costly defeats at the hands of British, Canadian and Native American troops over the course of the War of 1812, including the capture and burning of the nation’s capital, Washington, D.C., in August 1814. Nonetheless, American troops were able to repulse British invasions in New York, Baltimore and New Orleans, boosting national confidence and fostering a new spirit of patriotism. The ratification of the Treaty of Ghent on February 17, 1815, ended the war but left many of the most contentious questions unresolved. Nonetheless, many in the United States celebrated the War of 1812 as a “second war of independence,” beginning an era of partisan agreement and national pride.
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Answer:
C). the union forces became discouraged because they had hoped for a short war.
Explanation:
First Battle of Bull Run was the first major land battle of the Civil War in the United States, held on July 21, 1861 near Manassas (Virginia). The federal army, under the command of General Irwin MacDowell, attacked the Confederate army under the command of Generals Johnston and Beauregard, but was stopped and then fled. The federal army aimed to capture the important transport hub - Manassas, and the army of Beauregard took up defense at the turn of the small Bull Run River. Federal Commander-in-Chief Irwin MacDowell spent two days for reconnaissance, and during this time, army under the command of Johnston came to the aid of Beauregard.
On July 21, McDowell sent three divisions to bypass the left flank of the enemy; they succeeded in attacking and dropping several Confederate brigades, after which McDowell suspended the offensive. A few hours later he sent forward two artillery batteries and several infantry regiments, but the southerners met them on Henry Hill and repulsed all the attacks. The federal army lost 11 guns in these battles, and, hoping to recapture them, the command sent regiment after regiment into battle until all reserves were exhausted. Meanwhile, fresh brigades of the army of the South approached the battlefield and forced the retreat of the last reserve of the northerners - the Howard brigade. Howard's retreat initiated a general withdrawal of the entire federal army, which turned into an erratic escape. Southerners were able to allocate only a few regiments for the persecution, so they were not able to inflict significant damage on the enemy.
The Battle of Bull Run was the first major battle of the Civil War, after which many in the north finally saw what the war really was. The northerners had to part with the illusions that the war would last for several weeks, and the soldiers of the army of the South felt their strength.