The name of the embedded protein that provides a channel for the hydrogen ions to pass through the membrane is ATP synthase.
ATP synthase is a protein that catalyzes the formation of the energy storage molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP) using adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi). It is classified under ligases as it changes ADP by the formation of P-O bond (phosphodiester bond). ATP synthase is a molecular machine.
The overall reaction catalyzed by ATP synthase is:
ADP + Pi + 2H+(out) ⇌ ATP + H2O + 2H+(in)
The formation of ATP from ADP and Pi is energetically unfavorable and would normally proceed in the reverse direction. In order to drive this reaction forward, ATP synthase couples ATP synthesis during cellular respiration to an electrochemical gradient created by the difference in proton (H+) concentration across the inner mitochondrial membrane in eukaryotes or the plasma membrane in bacteria. During photosynthesis in plants, ATP is synthesized by ATP synthase using a proton gradient created in the thylakoid lumen through the thylakoid membrane and into the chloroplast stroma.
Learn more about inner mitochondrial membrane here:
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Answer:
Explanation:
This is usually because when they first became fossils, they embedded into the ground. Over many years afterwards, more layers came to cover that layer and so on. Newer fossils would be embedded into newer layers. That's why the older ones tend to be found the deeper you look.
Answer:
a. Earthquakes shake the rocks to slide horizontally, vertically, or side-ward.
Explanation:
The correct answer is - a.Earthquakes shake the rocks to slide horizontally, vertically, or side-ward.
Reason -
A fault is a fracture or zone of fractures between two blocks of rock.
Faults allow the blocks to move relative to each other. This movement may occur rapidly, in the form of an earthquake - or may occur slowly, in the form of creep.
During an earthquake, the rock on one side of the fault suddenly slips with respect to the other.
The fault surface can be horizontal or vertical or some arbitrary angle in between.
Answer: D- Last quarter moon
