C. It developed the world's largest pre-industrial city between 800 and 1431 CE.
I hope this helps
"in the house such a vote occurs when demanded by at least one-fifth of these members present. the Constitution requires that a quorum must be present on the floor when the house is conducting business. in the house, quorum is a majority of the representatives;in committee of the whole, it is only 100 members'
The most likely theme to be found in a medieval ballad would be A - the battle of good versus evil. Medieval ballads often focused on struggles where the good would have to defeat the evil; angels defeating satan; a good and charming prince defeating an evil and usurping force, etc.
The item that was NOT a cause of the Reformation:
C. The desire to spread Islam to Western Europe.
Further details:
The Roman Catholic Church failed to provide much hope or comfort to people during the years of the 100 Years War and the devastation of the Black Death. Corruption within the church only became worse in the years that followed, and people were wanting change. Coupled with that were new ideas and challenges being posed by the start of the Scientific Revolution. Martin Luther, whose activity sparked the Reformation, was a contemporary of Nicolaus Copernicus, whose work sparked the Scientific Revolution.