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Musa I (1312-1337), commonly referred to as Mansa Musa, was the tenth mansa, which translates as "king of kings" or "emperor", of the Empire of Mali. At the time of Musa's accession to the throne, the Malian Empire consisted of territories formerly belonging to the Ghanaian Empire and Mali and surrounding areas, Musa obtained many titles, including Emir of Mali, Mines Lord of the Uangaras, and conqueror of Ganata, Futa Jalom, and at least another dozen states. He was recognized as the richest man in history.
Sharecropping, agricultural depression, the widespread infestation of the boll weevil, and flooding also provided motives for African Americans to move into the Northern Cities. The lack of social opportunities from Jim Crow laws also motivated African Americans to migrate Northward.